Array ( [id] => 3073 [catid] => 299 [title] => 成人术后疼痛管理临床实践指南 (2024 版) [thumb] => [keywords] => [description] => [hits] => [uid] => 3 [author] => 甘肃中医院 [status] => 9 [url] => /show/3073.html [link_id] => 0 [tableid] => 0 [inputip] => 106.86.177.165 [inputtime] => 2026-04-14 11:42:18 [updatetime] => 2026-04-14 11:42:18 [displayorder] => 0 [nrjc] => Array ( ) [nrsh] => Array ( ) [xzl] => 0 [dzl] => 0 [wailian] => https://rs.yiigle.com/cmaid/1581397 [demo_url] => [zjpjff] => GRADE [zjfj] => [tjqd] => [nianfen] => 2024 [guojia] => 中华医学会麻醉学分会 [pdf] => [tjyjyw] => [lyyw] => [laiyuan] => 建议密切监测患者的呼吸和血氧饱和度以及时发现阿片类药物引起的呼吸抑制（良好实践声明） [znzldj] => B [_inputtime] => 1776138138 [_updatetime] => 1776138138 [_nrjc] => [_nrsh] => )

Array ( [id] => 3074 [catid] => 299 [title] => 成人术后疼痛管理临床实践指南 (2024 版) [thumb] => [keywords] => [description] => [hits] => [uid] => 3 [author] => 甘肃中医院 [status] => 9 [url] => /show/3074.html [link_id] => 0 [tableid] => 0 [inputip] => 106.86.177.165 [inputtime] => 2026-04-14 11:42:18 [updatetime] => 2026-04-14 11:42:18 [displayorder] => 0 [nrjc] => Array ( ) [nrsh] => Array ( ) [xzl] => 0 [dzl] => 0 [wailian] => https://rs.yiigle.com/cmaid/1581398 [demo_url] => [zjpjff] => GRADE [zjfj] => [tjqd] => [nianfen] => 2024 [guojia] => 中华医学会麻醉学分会 [pdf] => [tjyjyw] => [lyyw] => [laiyuan] => 对于出现呼吸抑制、镇静过度的患者，应减少或暂停使用阿片类药物，保持呼吸道通畅，并考虑给予纳洛酮或纳美芬。必要时采用呼吸支持治疗（良好实践声明） [znzldj] => B [_inputtime] => 1776138138 [_updatetime] => 1776138138 [_nrjc] => [_nrsh] => )

Array ( [id] => 3075 [catid] => 299 [title] => 成人术后疼痛管理临床实践指南 (2024 版) [thumb] => [keywords] => [description] => [hits] => [uid] => 3 [author] => 甘肃中医院 [status] => 9 [url] => /show/3075.html [link_id] => 0 [tableid] => 0 [inputip] => 106.86.177.165 [inputtime] => 2026-04-14 11:42:18 [updatetime] => 2026-04-14 11:42:18 [displayorder] => 0 [nrjc] => Array ( ) [nrsh] => Array ( ) [xzl] => 0 [dzl] => 0 [wailian] => https://rs.yiigle.com/cmaid/1581399 [demo_url] => [zjpjff] => GRADE [zjfj] => [tjqd] => [nianfen] => 2024 [guojia] => 中华医学会麻醉学分会 [pdf] => [tjyjyw] => [lyyw] => [laiyuan] => 对于老年患者，术后应用阿片类药物时应注意适当减量，以预防阿片类药物引起的镇静过度（良好实践声明） [znzldj] => B [_inputtime] => 1776138138 [_updatetime] => 1776138138 [_nrjc] => [_nrsh] => )

Array ( [id] => 2981 [catid] => 295 [title] => 中国成人患者围手术期液体治疗临床实践 指南（2025版） [thumb] => [keywords] => [description] => [hits] => [uid] => 3 [author] => 甘肃中医院 [status] => 9 [url] => /show/2981.html [link_id] => 0 [tableid] => 0 [inputip] => 106.86.177.165 [inputtime] => 2026-04-14 11:42:18 [updatetime] => 2026-04-14 11:42:18 [displayorder] => 0 [nrjc] => Array ( ) [nrsh] => Array ( ) [xzl] => 0 [dzl] => 0 [wailian] => https://guide.medlive.cn/guideline/34040 [demo_url] => [zjpjff] => GRADE [zjfj] => [tjqd] => [nianfen] => 2025 [guojia] => 中华医学会麻醉学分会老年人麻醉与围术期管理学组、国家老年麻醉联盟（NAGA） 、国家老年疾病临床医学 [pdf] => [tjyjyw] => [lyyw] => [laiyuan] => 胸部 X 线出现斑片状肺泡浸润、空气支气管征、支气管周围袖状扩张、Kerley B 线提示肺水增加（证据等级：低，推荐强度：强推荐） [znzldj] => B [_inputtime] => 1776138138 [_updatetime] => 1776138138 [_nrjc] => [_nrsh] => )

Array ( [id] => 2982 [catid] => 295 [title] => 中国成人患者围手术期液体治疗临床实践 指南（2025版） [thumb] => [keywords] => [description] => [hits] => [uid] => 3 [author] => 甘肃中医院 [status] => 9 [url] => /show/2982.html [link_id] => 0 [tableid] => 0 [inputip] => 106.86.177.165 [inputtime] => 2026-04-14 11:42:18 [updatetime] => 2026-04-14 11:42:18 [displayorder] => 0 [nrjc] => Array ( ) [nrsh] => Array ( ) [xzl] => 0 [dzl] => 0 [wailian] => https://guide.medlive.cn/guideline/34040 [demo_url] => [zjpjff] => GRADE [zjfj] => [tjqd] => [nianfen] => 2025 [guojia] => 中华医学会麻醉学分会老年人麻醉与围术期管理学组、国家老年麻醉联盟（NAGA） 、国家老年疾病临床医学 [pdf] => [tjyjyw] => [lyyw] => [laiyuan] => 经肺热稀释法测量血管外肺水数值增加提示肺水增加（证据等级：低，推荐强度：弱推荐） [znzldj] => B [_inputtime] => 1776138138 [_updatetime] => 1776138138 [_nrjc] => [_nrsh] => )

Array ( [id] => 2983 [catid] => 295 [title] => 中国成人患者围手术期液体治疗临床实践 指南（2025版） [thumb] => [keywords] => [description] => [hits] => [uid] => 3 [author] => 甘肃中医院 [status] => 9 [url] => /show/2983.html [link_id] => 0 [tableid] => 0 [inputip] => 106.86.177.165 [inputtime] => 2026-04-14 11:42:18 [updatetime] => 2026-04-14 11:42:18 [displayorder] => 0 [nrjc] => Array ( ) [nrsh] => Array ( ) [xzl] => 0 [dzl] => 0 [wailian] => https://guide.medlive.cn/guideline/34040 [demo_url] => [zjpjff] => GRADE [zjfj] => [tjqd] => [nianfen] => 2025 [guojia] => 中华医学会麻醉学分会老年人麻醉与围术期管理学组、国家老年麻醉联盟（NAGA） 、国家老年疾病临床医学 [pdf] => [tjyjyw] => [lyyw] => [laiyuan] => 肺部超声上 B 线数目增加可用于评估肺水增多（证据等级：中，推荐强度：强推荐） [znzldj] => B [_inputtime] => 1776138138 [_updatetime] => 1776138138 [_nrjc] => [_nrsh] => )

Array ( [id] => 2984 [catid] => 296 [title] => 中国成人患者围手术期液体治疗临床实践 指南（2025版） [thumb] => [keywords] => [description] => [hits] => [uid] => 3 [author] => 甘肃中医院 [status] => 9 [url] => /show/2984.html [link_id] => 0 [tableid] => 0 [inputip] => 106.86.177.165 [inputtime] => 2026-04-14 11:42:18 [updatetime] => 2026-04-14 11:42:18 [displayorder] => 0 [nrjc] => Array ( ) [nrsh] => Array ( ) [xzl] => 0 [dzl] => 0 [wailian] => https://guide.medlive.cn/guideline/34040 [demo_url] => [zjpjff] => GRADE [zjfj] => [tjqd] => [nianfen] => 2025 [guojia] => 中华医学会麻醉学分会老年人麻醉与围术期管理学组、国家老年麻醉联盟（NAGA） 、国家老年疾病临床医学 [pdf] => [tjyjyw] => [lyyw] => [laiyuan] => 推荐目标导向液体治疗用于腹部外科 (尤其是胃肠手术) 和需要单肺通气的胸科手术；目标导向液体治疗用于剖宫产手术可能给孕产妇带来获益（腹部外科：证据等级：中，推荐强度：强推荐；胸科手术：证据等级：中，推荐强度：弱推荐；剖宫产：证据等级：低，推荐强度：弱推荐） [znzldj] => B [_inputtime] => 1776138138 [_updatetime] => 1776138138 [_nrjc] => [_nrsh] => )

Array ( [id] => 2985 [catid] => 296 [title] => 中国成人患者围手术期液体治疗临床实践 指南（2025版） [thumb] => [keywords] => [description] => [hits] => [uid] => 3 [author] => 甘肃中医院 [status] => 9 [url] => /show/2985.html [link_id] => 0 [tableid] => 0 [inputip] => 106.86.177.165 [inputtime] => 2026-04-14 11:42:18 [updatetime] => 2026-04-14 11:42:18 [displayorder] => 0 [nrjc] => Array ( ) [nrsh] => Array ( ) [xzl] => 0 [dzl] => 0 [wailian] => https://guide.medlive.cn/guideline/34040 [demo_url] => [zjpjff] => GRADE [zjfj] => [tjqd] => [nianfen] => 2025 [guojia] => 中华医学会麻醉学分会老年人麻醉与围术期管理学组、国家老年麻醉联盟（NAGA） 、国家老年疾病临床医学 [pdf] => [tjyjyw] => [lyyw] => [laiyuan] => 推荐目标导向液体治疗用于心血管事件高风险的手术患者，可降低心血管并发症和心律失常的发生；推荐目标导向液体治疗用于入 ICU 的重症患者（证据等级：中，推荐强度：强推荐） [znzldj] => B [_inputtime] => 1776138138 [_updatetime] => 1776138138 [_nrjc] => [_nrsh] => )

Array ( [id] => 2986 [catid] => 295 [title] => 中国成人患者围手术期液体治疗临床实践 指南（2025版） [thumb] => [keywords] => [description] => [hits] => [uid] => 3 [author] => 甘肃中医院 [status] => 9 [url] => /show/2986.html [link_id] => 0 [tableid] => 0 [inputip] => 106.86.177.165 [inputtime] => 2026-04-14 11:42:18 [updatetime] => 2026-04-14 11:42:18 [displayorder] => 0 [nrjc] => Array ( ) [nrsh] => Array ( ) [xzl] => 0 [dzl] => 0 [wailian] => https://guide.medlive.cn/guideline/34040 [demo_url] => [zjpjff] => GRADE [zjfj] => [tjqd] => [nianfen] => 2025 [guojia] => 中华医学会麻醉学分会老年人麻醉与围术期管理学组、国家老年麻醉联盟（NAGA） 、国家老年疾病临床医学 [pdf] => [tjyjyw] => [lyyw] => [laiyuan] => 液体反应性动态指标应当作为成年手术患者目标导向液体治疗的一部分，推荐液体反应性动态指标与 心输出量、心脏指数等流量参数联合指导目标导向液体治疗；现有证据表明，经食道超声心动图指导的目标导向液体治疗在择期结直肠手术中未能缩短住院时间、降低死亡率（联合指导：证据等级：中，推荐强度：强推荐；经食道超声心动图指导：证据等级：中，推荐强度：弱推荐） [znzldj] => B [_inputtime] => 1776138138 [_updatetime] => 1776138138 [_nrjc] => [_nrsh] => )

Array ( [id] => 2987 [catid] => 296 [title] => 中国成人患者围手术期液体治疗临床实践 指南（2025版） [thumb] => [keywords] => [description] => [hits] => [uid] => 3 [author] => 甘肃中医院 [status] => 9 [url] => /show/2987.html [link_id] => 0 [tableid] => 0 [inputip] => 106.86.177.165 [inputtime] => 2026-04-14 11:42:18 [updatetime] => 2026-04-14 11:42:18 [displayorder] => 0 [nrjc] => Array ( ) [nrsh] => Array ( ) [xzl] => 0 [dzl] => 0 [wailian] => https://guide.medlive.cn/guideline/34040 [demo_url] => [zjpjff] => GRADE [zjfj] => [tjqd] => [nianfen] => 2025 [guojia] => 中华医学会麻醉学分会老年人麻醉与围术期管理学组、国家老年麻醉联盟（NAGA） 、国家老年疾病临床医学 [pdf] => [tjyjyw] => [lyyw] => [laiyuan] => 推荐适宜剂量的去甲肾上腺素持续输注与目标导向液体治疗联合应用于老年手术患者及行胸科手术患者（证据等级：低，推荐强度：弱推荐） [znzldj] => B [_inputtime] => 1776138138 [_updatetime] => 1776138138 [_nrjc] => [_nrsh] => )