There is insufficient evidence to recommend protein-containing clear liquids preferentially over other clear liquids before elective procedures requiring general anesthesia, regional anesthesia, or procedural sedation (no recommendation).(Evidence level:Very low；Recommendation grade:Not applicable）.

We suggest not delaying elective procedures requiring general anesthesia, regional anesthesia, or procedural sedation in healthy adults who are chewing gum（Evidence level:Very low；Recommendation grade:Conditional）.

There is insufficient evidence concerning benefits and harms to recommend pediatric patients drink clear liquids until 1 h versus 2 h before procedures with general anesthesia, regional anesthesia, or procedural sedation (no recommendation).(Evidence level:Very low；Recommendation grade:Not applicable）

To avoid prolonged fasting in children, efforts should be made to allow clear liquids in children at low risk of aspiration as close to 2 h before procedures as possible. In children with shorter clear liquid fasting duration, exercise clinical judgment.(Evidence level:Best practice statement；Recommendation grade:Not applicable）

In patient undergoing carotid endarterectomy,free choice of regional anesthesia,general anesthesia,or cooperative patient general anesthesia is recommended,depending on the experience of the center,patient’s preference,and clinical status (strong for, level of evidence 1++).

In patient undergoing carotid endarterectomy,clinical or instrumental cerebral intraoperative monitoring,chosen accordingly to the type of anesthesia and the temporary shunt strategy,is recommended. Nevertheless,clinical monitoring is more sensitive (strong for, level of evidence 2+).

In patient undergoing carotid endarterectomy,postoperative blood pressure monitoring and the subsequent management of arterial hypertension is indicated,as it improves the outcome if compared with no blood pressure monitoring (weak for, level of evidence 2-).

We recommend use of medical history and physical examination to predict difficult airway management in neonates and infants (1C).

We recommend use of an adequate level of sedation or general anaesthesia in neonates and infants during airway management to ensure patient comfort and safety (1B).

We recommend the use of a video-laryngoscope with an age-adapted standard blade (Macintosh or Miller) as first choice for tracheal intubation of neonates and infants (1B), including for tracheal intubation in the lateral position (1C).