Perioperative blood glucose management should be integrated into the residency training program, and perioperative teaching and practice courses may be set up for undergraduates and postgraduates. (2B)

In patients undergoing preoperative routine examination of fasting plasma glucose (FPG), if possible, patients should undertake a combined examination of HbA1c levels (by high performance liquid chromatography method). (2C)

For patients with 6.1 < FPG < 7 mmol/L and high risk of diabetes, oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) is suggested for measuring the fasting glucose levels and venous blood glucose levels 2 h after oral administration of glucose. (2C)

For patients with high preoperative blood glucose levels but without confirmed diabetes,initial management according to the management principles for patients with diabetes is suggested. The patients need to be diagnosed in time at the endocrinology department once they return to a normal diet. (2C)

People with diabetes should be given priority for surgery, and the preferred time for surgery is early in the morning or as early as possible during daytime to minimise the impact of blood glucose on patients and surgery. (1C) For patients who cannot undergo surgery in the morning, it is recommended that the blood glucose levels be monitored continuously in the ward to immediately detect and treat hypoglycaemia and metabolic disorders due to fasting. (1C)

Among patients who undergo elective surgery, if the random blood glucose level is ≥12.0 mmol/L or HbA1c level is ≥9%, it is suggested that the surgery time be delayed. (1C) For patients in emergency surgery showing ketoacidosis or for patients in hyperosmolar coma, it is recommended that the metabolic disorder, pH and osmotic pressure first be corrected, until normalisation, before surgery if the patient's condition permits. (1B)

The anaesthesiologist should choose appropriate aesthetic and narcotic drugs according to the type of surgery and the patient's blood glucose level. (1B) During surgery,anaesthesiologists should make sure to control the depth of anaesthesia, reduce the stress response, rationally use hormones and glucose-containing solutions, actively monitor blood glucose levels and promptly resolve issues that arise. (1B)