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[lyyw] => If the emergency intubation procedure relies on direct laryngoscopy, it is probably recommended that the minimum experience of the operator positioned in the first line for this procedure should be at least 50 successful direct laryngoscopies on patients in order to reduce morbidity and mortality.（GRADE 2 Strong Agreement）
[laiyuan] => 为降低发病率和死亡率，可能建议：如果紧急插管操作依赖于直接喉镜，那么负责该操作的一线操作者应至少具备在患者身上成功完成 50 例直接喉镜检查的经验。（证据等级：中/低，推荐强度：弱推荐）
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推荐意见
为降低发病率和死亡率，可能建议：如果紧急插管操作依赖于直接喉镜，那么负责该操作的一线操作者应至少具备在患者身上成功完成 50 例直接喉镜检查的经验。（证据等级：中/低，推荐强度：弱推荐）
If the emergency intubation procedure relies on direct laryngoscopy, it is probably recommended that the minimum experience of the operator positioned in the first line for this procedure should be at least 50 successful direct laryngoscopies on patients in order to reduce morbidity and mortality.（GRADE 2 Strong Agreement）
证据评价方法：GRADE Grid
指南质量等级：A
年份：2026
国家：French Society of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care (
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[lyyw] => If the emergency intubation procedure is based on video-laryngoscopy, the experts suggest that the minimum experience of the operator positioned in the first line for this procedure should be at least 15 successful video-laryngoscopies on patients in order to reduce morbidity and mortality.（EXPERTS' OPINION Strong Agreement）
[laiyuan] => 为降低发病率和死亡率，专家建议：如果紧急插管操作基于视频喉镜，那么负责该操作的一线操作者应至少具备在患者身上成功完成 15 例视频喉镜检查的经验。（专家意见：高度一致）
[znzldj] => A
[_inputtime] => 1776138197
[_updatetime] => 1776138197
[_nrjc] =>
[_nrsh] =>
)
推荐意见
为降低发病率和死亡率，专家建议：如果紧急插管操作基于视频喉镜，那么负责该操作的一线操作者应至少具备在患者身上成功完成 15 例视频喉镜检查的经验。（专家意见：高度一致）
If the emergency intubation procedure is based on video-laryngoscopy, the experts suggest that the minimum experience of the operator positioned in the first line for this procedure should be at least 15 successful video-laryngoscopies on patients in order to reduce morbidity and mortality.（EXPERTS' OPINION Strong Agreement）
证据评价方法：GRADE Grid
指南质量等级：A
年份：2026
国家：French Society of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care (
Array
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[lyyw] => Before emergency tracheal intubation, it is recommended that the patient be systematically pre-oxygenated in order to reduce morbidity and mortality.（GRADE 1 Strong Agreement）
[laiyuan] => 为降低发病率和死亡率，建议在紧急气管插管前对患者进行系统性预给氧。（证据等级：高，推荐强度：强推荐）
[znzldj] => A
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)
推荐意见
为降低发病率和死亡率，建议在紧急气管插管前对患者进行系统性预给氧。（证据等级：高，推荐强度：强推荐）
Before emergency tracheal intubation, it is recommended that the patient be systematically pre-oxygenated in order to reduce morbidity and mortality.（GRADE 1 Strong Agreement）
证据评价方法：GRADE Grid
指南质量等级：A
年份：2026
国家：French Society of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care (
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[lyyw] => In a patient requiring emergency tracheal intubation, it is recommended (in the absence of contraindication) to use pre-oxygenation by non-invasive ventilation (NIV) in order to reduce morbidity and mortality.（GRADE 1 Strong Agreement）
[laiyuan] => 为降低发病率和死亡率，建议对于需要紧急气管插管的患者（在无禁忌证的情况下），采用无创通气（NIV）进行预给氧。（证据等级：高，推荐强度：强推荐）
[znzldj] => A
[_inputtime] => 1776138197
[_updatetime] => 1776138197
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)
推荐意见
为降低发病率和死亡率，建议对于需要紧急气管插管的患者（在无禁忌证的情况下），采用无创通气（NIV）进行预给氧。（证据等级：高，推荐强度：强推荐）
In a patient requiring emergency tracheal intubation, it is recommended (in the absence of contraindication) to use pre-oxygenation by non-invasive ventilation (NIV) in order to reduce morbidity and mortality.（GRADE 1 Strong Agreement）
证据评价方法：GRADE Grid
指南质量等级：A
年份：2026
国家：French Society of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care (
Array
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[tjqd] =>
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[guojia] => French Society of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care (
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[lyyw] => During emergency tracheal intubation, it is probably not recommended to use apneic oxygenation after anaesthetic induction and before laryngoscopy to reduce morbidity and mortality.（GRADE 2 Strong Agreement）
[laiyuan] => 为降低发病率和死亡率，可能不建议在紧急气管插管过程中，于麻醉诱导后和喉镜检查前使用无呼吸给氧。（证据等级：中/低，推荐强度：弱推荐）
[znzldj] => A
[_inputtime] => 1776138197
[_updatetime] => 1776138197
[_nrjc] =>
[_nrsh] =>
)
推荐意见
为降低发病率和死亡率，可能不建议在紧急气管插管过程中，于麻醉诱导后和喉镜检查前使用无呼吸给氧。（证据等级：中/低，推荐强度：弱推荐）
During emergency tracheal intubation, it is probably not recommended to use apneic oxygenation after anaesthetic induction and before laryngoscopy to reduce morbidity and mortality.（GRADE 2 Strong Agreement）
证据评价方法：GRADE Grid
指南质量等级：A
年份：2026
国家：French Society of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care (
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[lyyw] => In the event of desaturation after anaesthetic induction and before laryngoscopy, or in a patient who was hypoxaemic before induction, the experts suggest manual ventilation with a bagvalve-mask at 100% FiO2, low volume and low pressure, to reduce morbidity and mortality.（EXPERTS' OPINION Strong Agreement）
[laiyuan] => 为降低发病率和死亡率，专家建议：若在麻醉诱导后、喉镜检查前出现血氧饱和度下降，或患者在诱导前已存在低氧血症，应采用100%吸入氧浓度（FiO2）、低潮气量、低压力的手动球囊-面罩通气。（专家意见：高度一致）
[znzldj] => A
[_inputtime] => 1776138197
[_updatetime] => 1776138197
[_nrjc] =>
[_nrsh] =>
)
推荐意见
为降低发病率和死亡率，专家建议：若在麻醉诱导后、喉镜检查前出现血氧饱和度下降，或患者在诱导前已存在低氧血症，应采用100%吸入氧浓度（FiO2）、低潮气量、低压力的手动球囊-面罩通气。（专家意见：高度一致）
In the event of desaturation after anaesthetic induction and before laryngoscopy, or in a patient who was hypoxaemic before induction, the experts suggest manual ventilation with a bagvalve-mask at 100% FiO2, low volume and low pressure, to reduce morbidity and mortality.（EXPERTS' OPINION Strong Agreement）
证据评价方法：GRADE Grid
指南质量等级：A
年份：2026
国家：French Society of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care (
Array
(
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[pdf] =>
[tjyjyw] =>
[lyyw] => During emergency tracheal intubation, it is probably not recommended to apply cricoid pressure in order to reduce morbidity and mortality.（GRADE 2 Strong Agreement）
[laiyuan] => 为降低发病率和死亡率，可能不建议在紧急气管插管过程中实施环状软骨压迫。（证据等级：中/低，推荐强度：弱推荐）
[znzldj] => A
[_inputtime] => 1776138197
[_updatetime] => 1776138197
[_nrjc] =>
[_nrsh] =>
)
推荐意见
为降低发病率和死亡率，可能不建议在紧急气管插管过程中实施环状软骨压迫。（证据等级：中/低，推荐强度：弱推荐）
During emergency tracheal intubation, it is probably not recommended to apply cricoid pressure in order to reduce morbidity and mortality.（GRADE 2 Strong Agreement）
证据评价方法：GRADE Grid
指南质量等级：A
年份：2026
国家：French Society of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care (
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[guojia] => French Society of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care (
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[tjyjyw] =>
[lyyw] => In order to reduce morbidity and mortality following emergency intubation in adult patients, it is probably advisable to calculate the shock-index value before performing the procedure. A threshold of > 0.9 makes it possible to identify patients most at risk of developing cardiovascular collapse following intubation.（GRADE 2 Strong Agreement）
[laiyuan] => 为降低成人患者紧急插管后的发病率和死亡率，可能建议在操作前计算休克指数。休克指数＞0.9的阈值有助于识别插管后最易发生心血管衰竭的高危患者。（证据等级：中/低，推荐强度：弱推荐）
[znzldj] => A
[_inputtime] => 1776138197
[_updatetime] => 1776138197
[_nrjc] =>
[_nrsh] =>
)
推荐意见
为降低成人患者紧急插管后的发病率和死亡率，可能建议在操作前计算休克指数。休克指数＞0.9的阈值有助于识别插管后最易发生心血管衰竭的高危患者。（证据等级：中/低，推荐强度：弱推荐）
In order to reduce morbidity and mortality following emergency intubation in adult patients, it is probably advisable to calculate the shock-index value before performing the procedure. A threshold of > 0.9 makes it possible to identify patients most at risk of developing cardiovascular collapse following intubation.（GRADE 2 Strong Agreement）
证据评价方法：GRADE Grid
指南质量等级：A
年份：2026
国家：French Society of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care (
Array
(
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[guojia] => French Society of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care (
[pdf] =>
[tjyjyw] =>
[lyyw] => Before intubating a patient at risk of developing cardiovascular collapse after intubation, experts suggest that avoiding propofol is a prudent measure to reduce morbidity and mortality.（EXPERTS' OPINION Strong Agreement）
[laiyuan] => 为降低发病率和死亡率，专家建议：在为插管后可能发生心血管衰竭的高危患者进行插管前，避免使用丙泊酚是一项审慎的措施。（专家意见：高度一致）
[znzldj] => A
[_inputtime] => 1776138197
[_updatetime] => 1776138197
[_nrjc] =>
[_nrsh] =>
)
推荐意见
为降低发病率和死亡率，专家建议：在为插管后可能发生心血管衰竭的高危患者进行插管前，避免使用丙泊酚是一项审慎的措施。（专家意见：高度一致）
Before intubating a patient at risk of developing cardiovascular collapse after intubation, experts suggest that avoiding propofol is a prudent measure to reduce morbidity and mortality.（EXPERTS' OPINION Strong Agreement）
证据评价方法：GRADE Grid
指南质量等级：A
年份：2026
国家：French Society of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care (
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[lyyw] => During emergency intubation, with the exception of patients in cardiac arrest, it is probably recommended to systematically combine a hypnotic followed by the injection of a curare (giving preference to agents with a short onset of action and good haemodynamic tolerance) to facilitate tracheal intubation and reduce morbidity and mortality.（GRADE 2 Strong Agreement）
[laiyuan] => 为降低发病率和死亡率，可能建议在紧急插管期间（心脏骤停患者除外），常规联合使用镇静催眠药，随后注射肌松药（优先选用起效快且血流动力学耐受性好的药物），以利于气管插管。（证据等级：中/低，推荐强度：弱推荐）
[znzldj] => A
[_inputtime] => 1776138197
[_updatetime] => 1776138197
[_nrjc] =>
[_nrsh] =>
)
推荐意见
为降低发病率和死亡率，可能建议在紧急插管期间（心脏骤停患者除外），常规联合使用镇静催眠药，随后注射肌松药（优先选用起效快且血流动力学耐受性好的药物），以利于气管插管。（证据等级：中/低，推荐强度：弱推荐）
During emergency intubation, with the exception of patients in cardiac arrest, it is probably recommended to systematically combine a hypnotic followed by the injection of a curare (giving preference to agents with a short onset of action and good haemodynamic tolerance) to facilitate tracheal intubation and reduce morbidity and mortality.（GRADE 2 Strong Agreement）
证据评价方法：GRADE Grid
指南质量等级：A
年份：2026
国家：French Society of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care (
