The obstetrician-anaesthesiologist team should administer an additional dose of muscle relaxant to facilitate ventilation and proceed to deliver the baby with continued application of cricoid force when tracheal intubation and ventilation using a 2nd generation SGA has failed, spontaneous breathing has returned but is inadequate for maintaining effective oxygenation and anaesthesia with a face mask, and there is immediate threat to the life of the fetus or mother.（Expert consensus: 96%）

In adult patients on cardioaspirin therapy undergoing RA with neuraxial block, it is recommended to continue cardioaspirin administration, as it does not increase the incidence of spinal hematomas(Quality of Evidence：Low)

In adult patients undergoing medical procedures requiring RA, the use of dual guidance compared to ENS-only guidance in peripheral nerve blocks with a motor component is recommended, as it reduces the risk of serious neurological complications and/or nerve damage(Quality of Evidence: Moderate)

n adult patients taking DOACs, it is suggested to use ultrasound-guided peripheral nerve blocks, as it is safe and does not increase hemorrhagic complications(Quality of Evidence：Low)

In adult patients, the use of ultrasound-guided techniques for the performance of peripheral nerve blocks is suggested, as it ensures the safety of the procedure and reduces the risk of complications compared to nerve blocks without ultrasound guidance(Quality of Evidence: Moderate)

In adult patients undergoing epidural anesthesia, the preparation of a sterile surgical field (using antiseptic, covers, gloves, drapes, and mask) is suggested to ensure patient safety (Quality of Evidence：Low)

In adult patients undergoing continuous peripheral regional anesthesia techniques, the preparation of a sterile surgical field (using disinfectant, covers, gloves, drapes, and mask) for the procedure is suggested to reduce the occurrence of infections and ensure patient and procedural safety.(Quality of Evidence：Low)

It is probably recommended that tracheal intubation should be performed as a first-line procedure rather than using a supraglottic airway device to control the upper airway, in order to reduce morbidity and mortality.（GRADE 2 Strong Agreement）

During specialised cardiopulmonary resuscitation of cardiac arrest, the experts suggest tracheal intubation rather than a supraglottic airway device or bag-valve-mask ventilation to reduce morbidity and mortality.（EXPERTS' OPINION Strong Agreement）

During cardiopulmonary resuscitation of cardiac arrest, the experts suggest that, pending tracheal intubation, ventilation should be performed using a face mask and a self-filling bag with a D14unidirectional valve (bag-valve-mask) connected to a source of oxygen to reduce morbidity and mortality.（EXPERTS' OPINION Strong Agreement）