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[lyyw] => In patients treated for severe head trauma, tracheal intubation is probably recommended in order to reduce morbidity and mortality.(GRADE 2 Strong Agreement)
[laiyuan] => 对于接受严重头部创伤治疗的患者,可能建议进行气管插管,以降低发病率和死亡率。(证据等级:中/低,推荐强度:弱推荐)
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推荐意见
对于接受严重头部创伤治疗的患者,可能建议进行气管插管,以降低发病率和死亡率。(证据等级:中/低,推荐强度:弱推荐)
In patients treated for severe head trauma, tracheal intubation is probably recommended in order to reduce morbidity and mortality.(GRADE 2 Strong Agreement)
证据评价方法:GRADE Grid
指南质量等级:A
年份:2026
国家:French Society of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care (
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[lyyw] => In patients treated for severe head trauma, the experts suggest that the tracheal intubation and ventilation procedure should be carried out by a trained operator, and in such a way that systolic blood pressure remains constantly above 110 mmHg and EtCO2 is maintained between 35 and 45 mmHg, in order to reduce morbidity and mortality.(EXPERTS' OPINION Strong Agreement)
[laiyuan] => 对于接受严重头部创伤治疗的患者,专家建议:气管插管和通气操作应由受过培训的操作人员执行,并确保收缩压持续保持在110mmHg以上,呼气末二氧化碳(EtCO2)维持在35至45mmHg之间,以降低发病率和死亡率。(专家意见:高度一致)
[znzldj] => A
[_inputtime] => 1776138197
[_updatetime] => 1776138197
[_nrjc] =>
[_nrsh] =>
)
推荐意见
对于接受严重头部创伤治疗的患者,专家建议:气管插管和通气操作应由受过培训的操作人员执行,并确保收缩压持续保持在110mmHg以上,呼气末二氧化碳(EtCO2)维持在35至45mmHg之间,以降低发病率和死亡率。(专家意见:高度一致)
In patients treated for severe head trauma, the experts suggest that the tracheal intubation and ventilation procedure should be carried out by a trained operator, and in such a way that systolic blood pressure remains constantly above 110 mmHg and EtCO2 is maintained between 35 and 45 mmHg, in order to reduce morbidity and mortality.(EXPERTS' OPINION Strong Agreement)
证据评价方法:GRADE Grid
指南质量等级:A
年份:2026
国家:French Society of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care (
Array
(
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[lyyw] => In all adults undergoing emergency care for upper airway obstruction and/or glottic plane obstruction, it is recommended that priority be given to airway clearance and oxygenation in order to reduce morbidity and mortality.(GRADE 1 Strong Agreement)
[laiyuan] => 对于所有因上气道梗阻和/或声门平面梗阻而接受急诊治疗的成人,推荐优先进行气道清理和氧合,以降低发病率和死亡率。(证据等级:高,推荐强度:强推荐)
[znzldj] => A
[_inputtime] => 1776138197
[_updatetime] => 1776138197
[_nrjc] =>
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)
推荐意见
对于所有因上气道梗阻和/或声门平面梗阻而接受急诊治疗的成人,推荐优先进行气道清理和氧合,以降低发病率和死亡率。(证据等级:高,推荐强度:强推荐)
In all adults undergoing emergency care for upper airway obstruction and/or glottic plane obstruction, it is recommended that priority be given to airway clearance and oxygenation in order to reduce morbidity and mortality.(GRADE 1 Strong Agreement)
证据评价方法:GRADE Grid
指南质量等级:A
年份:2026
国家:French Society of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care (
Array
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[lyyw] => The experts suggest that tracheal intubation should not systematically be used in the management of penetrating thoracic trauma, in order to reduce morbidity and mortality.(EXPERTS' OPINION Strong Agreement)
[laiyuan] => 专家建议为降低发病率和死亡率,在处理穿透性胸部创伤时,不应常规使用气管插管。(专家意见:高度一致)
[znzldj] => A
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)
推荐意见
专家建议为降低发病率和死亡率,在处理穿透性胸部创伤时,不应常规使用气管插管。(专家意见:高度一致)
The experts suggest that tracheal intubation should not systematically be used in the management of penetrating thoracic trauma, in order to reduce morbidity and mortality.(EXPERTS' OPINION Strong Agreement)
证据评价方法:GRADE Grid
指南质量等级:A
年份:2026
国家:French Society of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care (
Array
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[lyyw] => In the presence of penetrating thoracic trauma, when intubation is necessary, the experts suggest ruling out the presence of a pneumothorax to be exsufflated or drained using the means available in order to reduce morbidity and mortality.(EXPERTS' OPINION Strong Agreement)
[laiyuan] => 在存在穿透性胸部创伤且必须进行插管的情况下,专家建议为降低发病率和死亡率,应利用现有手段排除气胸的存在;若发现气胸,需进行排气或引流。(专家意见:高度一致)
[znzldj] => A
[_inputtime] => 1776138197
[_updatetime] => 1776138197
[_nrjc] =>
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)
推荐意见
在存在穿透性胸部创伤且必须进行插管的情况下,专家建议为降低发病率和死亡率,应利用现有手段排除气胸的存在;若发现气胸,需进行排气或引流。(专家意见:高度一致)
In the presence of penetrating thoracic trauma, when intubation is necessary, the experts suggest ruling out the presence of a pneumothorax to be exsufflated or drained using the means available in order to reduce morbidity and mortality.(EXPERTS' OPINION Strong Agreement)
证据评价方法:GRADE Grid
指南质量等级:A
年份:2026
国家:French Society of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care (
Array
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[lyyw] => In a patient suffering from haemorrhagic shock, it is probably not recommended to intubate solely on the grounds of shock in the absence of other formal indications (neurological, respiratory), even if there is an indication for surgery under general anaesthetic in the short term, in order to reduce morbidity and mortality.(GRADE 2 Strong Agreement)
[laiyuan] => 对于失血性休克患者,若无其他明确指征(如神经系统或呼吸系统问题),可能不建议仅因休克本身而进行插管,即使患者短期内有接受全身麻醉手术的指征,此举旨在降低发病率和死亡率。(证据等级:中/低,推荐强度:弱推荐)
[znzldj] => A
[_inputtime] => 1776138197
[_updatetime] => 1776138197
[_nrjc] =>
[_nrsh] =>
)
推荐意见
对于失血性休克患者,若无其他明确指征(如神经系统或呼吸系统问题),可能不建议仅因休克本身而进行插管,即使患者短期内有接受全身麻醉手术的指征,此举旨在降低发病率和死亡率。(证据等级:中/低,推荐强度:弱推荐)
In a patient suffering from haemorrhagic shock, it is probably not recommended to intubate solely on the grounds of shock in the absence of other formal indications (neurological, respiratory), even if there is an indication for surgery under general anaesthetic in the short term, in order to reduce morbidity and mortality.(GRADE 2 Strong Agreement)
证据评价方法:GRADE Grid
指南质量等级:A
年份:2026
国家:French Society of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care (
Array
(
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[tjyjyw] =>
[lyyw] => In pre-hospital and in-hospital emergency tracheal intubation procedures, outside the operating theatre and critical care, in adults, the experts suggest that the following equipment should be immediately available (functional and checked) in order to reduce morbidity and mortality.
● Face masks (sizes 3 to 5)
● Self-filling balloon with one-way valve (Bag-Mask-Valve BVM)
● Suction system with an adapted large-bore cannula
● Oxygen source
● Oropharyngeal cannulae ("Guedel cannula" type) (sizes 3 and 4)
● Intubation probes (sizes 5 to 8)
● Macintosh-type direct laryngoscope (blades 3 and 4)
● Videolaryngoscope
● Capnograph
● Rigid stylet
● Gum elastic bougie
● Guide clip (“Magill forceps” type)
● Supraglottic device for intubation
● Cricothyroidotomy kit with Scalpel, gum elastic bougie, and intubation probe
(Cricothyroid membrane palpable: scalpel technique “stab, twist, bougie, tube”)(EXPERTS' OPINION Strong Agreement)
[laiyuan] => 在成人院前及院内紧急气管插管操作中(手术室和重症监护室之外),专家建议为降低发病率和死亡率,以下设备必须即刻可用(功能正常且已检查):
● 面罩(3号至5号)
● 带单向阀的自充气球囊(球囊-面罩-阀门,BVM)
● 配有大口径导管的吸引系统
● 氧源
● 口咽通气道(“格德尔/Guedel”型)(3号和4号)
● 气管导管(5号至8号)
● 马金托什(Macintosh)型直接喉镜(3号和4号镜片)
● 视频喉镜
● 二氧化碳波形监测仪(呼气末二氧化碳监测仪)
● 硬质管芯
● 橡胶弹性探条(Gum elastic bougie)
● 引导夹(“麦吉尔/Magill”钳型)
● 用于辅助插管的声门上装置
● 环甲膜切开套件,包含手术刀、橡胶弹性探条和气管导管(若环甲膜可触及:采用手术刀技术——“刺入、旋转、置入探条、插入导管”)
(专家意见:高度一致)
[znzldj] => A
[_inputtime] => 1776138197
[_updatetime] => 1776138197
[_nrjc] =>
[_nrsh] =>
)
推荐意见
在成人院前及院内紧急气管插管操作中(手术室和重症监护室之外),专家建议为降低发病率和死亡率,以下设备必须即刻可用(功能正常且已检查):
● 面罩(3号至5号)
● 带单向阀的自充气球囊(球囊-面罩-阀门,BVM)
● 配有大口径导管的吸引系统
● 氧源
● 口咽通气道(“格德尔/Guedel”型)(3号和4号)
● 气管导管(5号至8号)
● 马金托什(Macintosh)型直接喉镜(3号和4号镜片)
● 视频喉镜
● 二氧化碳波形监测仪(呼气末二氧化碳监测仪)
● 硬质管芯
● 橡胶弹性探条(Gum elastic bougie)
● 引导夹(“麦吉尔/Magill”钳型)
● 用于辅助插管的声门上装置
● 环甲膜切开套件,包含手术刀、橡胶弹性探条和气管导管(若环甲膜可触及:采用手术刀技术——“刺入、旋转、置入探条、插入导管”)
(专家意见:高度一致)
In pre-hospital and in-hospital emergency tracheal intubation procedures, outside the operating theatre and critical care, in adults, the experts suggest that the following equipment should be immediately available (functional and checked) in order to reduce morbidity and mortality.
● Face masks (sizes 3 to 5)
● Self-filling balloon with one-way valve (Bag-Mask-Valve BVM)
● Suction system with an adapted large-bore cannula
● Oxygen source
● Oropharyngeal cannulae ("Guedel cannula" type) (sizes 3 and 4)
● Intubation probes (sizes 5 to 8)
● Macintosh-type direct laryngoscope (blades 3 and 4)
● Videolaryngoscope
● Capnograph
● Rigid stylet
● Gum elastic bougie
● Guide clip (“Magill forceps” type)
● Supraglottic device for intubation
● Cricothyroidotomy kit with Scalpel, gum elastic bougie, and intubation probe
(Cricothyroid membrane palpable: scalpel technique “stab, twist, bougie, tube”)(EXPERTS' OPINION Strong Agreement)
证据评价方法:GRADE Grid
指南质量等级:A
年份:2026
国家:French Society of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care (
Array
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[lyyw] => Experts suggest that difficult intubation equipment should be immediately available in order to reduce morbidity and mortality.(EXPERTS' OPINION Strong Agreement)
[laiyuan] => 专家建议为降低发病率和死亡率,困难气道插管设备必须即刻可用。(专家意见:高度一致)
[znzldj] => A
[_inputtime] => 1776138197
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[_nrjc] =>
[_nrsh] =>
)
推荐意见
专家建议为降低发病率和死亡率,困难气道插管设备必须即刻可用。(专家意见:高度一致)
Experts suggest that difficult intubation equipment should be immediately available in order to reduce morbidity and mortality.(EXPERTS' OPINION Strong Agreement)
证据评价方法:GRADE Grid
指南质量等级:A
年份:2026
国家:French Society of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care (
Array
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[lyyw] => It is probably recommended that emergency tracheal intubation outside the operating theatre and critical care should be considered as a potentially difficult intubation from the outset, in order to reduce morbidity and mortality.(GRADE 2 Strong Agreement)
[laiyuan] => 为降低发病率和死亡率,建议将手术室和重症监护室之外的紧急气管插管从一开始就视为潜在困难插管。(证据等级:中/低,推荐强度:弱推荐)
[znzldj] => A
[_inputtime] => 1776138197
[_updatetime] => 1776138197
[_nrjc] =>
[_nrsh] =>
)
推荐意见
为降低发病率和死亡率,建议将手术室和重症监护室之外的紧急气管插管从一开始就视为潜在困难插管。(证据等级:中/低,推荐强度:弱推荐)
It is probably recommended that emergency tracheal intubation outside the operating theatre and critical care should be considered as a potentially difficult intubation from the outset, in order to reduce morbidity and mortality.(GRADE 2 Strong Agreement)
证据评价方法:GRADE Grid
指南质量等级:A
年份:2026
国家:French Society of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care (
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[title] => Guidelines 2024: Emergency intubation of an adult outside the operating room and intensive care unit
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[author] => 甘肃中医院
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[lyyw] => It is probably not recommended to systematically use the predictive scores for difficult intubation developed for emergency situations (LEMON score, HEAVEN score, PreDAIT score, etc.) in order to reduce morbidity and mortality.(GRADE 2 Strong Agreement)
[laiyuan] => 为降低发病率和死亡率,不建议系统性地使用专为紧急情况开发的困难插管预测评分(如LEMON评分、HEAVEN评分、PreDAIT评分等)。(证据等级:中/低,推荐强度:弱推荐)
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推荐意见
为降低发病率和死亡率,不建议系统性地使用专为紧急情况开发的困难插管预测评分(如LEMON评分、HEAVEN评分、PreDAIT评分等)。(证据等级:中/低,推荐强度:弱推荐)
It is probably not recommended to systematically use the predictive scores for difficult intubation developed for emergency situations (LEMON score, HEAVEN score, PreDAIT score, etc.) in order to reduce morbidity and mortality.(GRADE 2 Strong Agreement)
证据评价方法:GRADE Grid
指南质量等级:A
年份:2026
国家:French Society of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care (